History of Medicine - 1

History of Medicine

Ancient World

                  Main 3 medicinal systems in ancient times:

—  Indian Medicine

—  Chinese Medicine

—  Greek Medicine

Ancient India

  

—  Indian Medicine: :   AYURVED 

Ø Origin from Vedas : 2000  BC to 1500 BC

Ø Main Ayurved Samhitas : approx 1000 BC

(by Agnivesh and Sushrut)

In verbal form up to 1000BC

                                     Ancient China

Chinese Medicine : : TCM

—  TCM – Traditional Chinese Medicine

—  2000  BC  to 1500 BC

—  In written form since ancient times

                             Greece and surrounding area 

Greek Medicine : : Allopathy and Unani

—  Around 700 BC to 500 BC

—  Somewhat disappeared in middle ages

—  Again flourishes with 2 branches

—                               1. from European countries …as                                  source of Allopathy

(nomenclature : in 18^th  century)

                                     2. Unani … form Middle east                                countries

                                                                                      Contd….

How to explain Kalpa in exam?

For 3^rd year Charak (U)  and PG

How to explain Kalpa in exam?

• Reference
• Main ingredients
• Type – Bhaishajya kalpana type
• Dose & Anupan & Sevan kaal (if and as mentioned)
• Main action
• Phalashruti
• Rules if any
• Main domain of use 

                                                                       एलादि  गुटी 

       संदर्भ  क्षत क्षीण  चिकित्सा 

      प्रधान घटक  एला , त्वक् , पिप्पली , खर्जूर , द्राक्षा , मधु 

      कल्पना  गुटी 

      मात्रा  एक अक्ष 

      दिने दिने 

     

• [mentioned Granthokta Matra and convert in to current unit ..(here 10 gm per day)]

     उपयुक्तता  क्षत क्षीण , क्षयज - क्षतज  कास , रक्त ष्ठीवन , 
                     वात - पित्तज व्याधि , तृष्णा , हिक्का , श्वास , दौर्बल्य                                  पार्श्वशूल , मूर्च्छा , मद , भ्रम , अरुचि , अभिघातज शोष ,                          
                     क्षतसन्धानकर , तर्पक , वृष्य ,(शीत कल्प).

Mainly effective in Apatarpanjanya diseases in which following pathological aspects are developed --

~Vata and Pitta are dominant

~Dhutukshaya

~Oja-kshaya

# has capacity --

to regenerate especially Rakta, Mamsa, Shukra

to heal internal wounds/lacerations/erosion

.......................elaborate the KALPA with these guidelines.
                                       
                                      XXXXXXXXX

Annals of Ayurvedic Medicine Vol-7 Issue-3-4 Jul-Dec, 2018 96
Review Article

Exclusivity of the Bower Manuscript- Naavaneetakam
Yashashree Vasant Joshi,
Dept of Basic Principles, College of Ayurved, Bharati Vidyapeeth(Deemed to be University), Pune.
Corresponding Authors email: dryashashreejoshi@gmail.com

Date of Submission: 30.08.2018, Date of acceptance: 04.12.2018

ABSTRACT
Literature research is of much importance in Ayurveda as Ayurveda fraternity accepts the information depicted in the original and ancient Ayurveda Sanskrit Texts. Research of Ayurveda literature is not confined to Ayurvedic Samhitas only but is extended to allied literature including Manuscript studies. Naavaneetakam is a part of the Bower Manuscript (BMS) - one of the oldest birch bark manuscript and is unique in many respects. It is a compendium of prescriptions for various diseases. The manuscript contents some attention-grabbing information regarding various formulae which includes different indications, unusual etiology of some conditions and unfamiliar names of a few diseases. Such atypical information along with brief information of the BMS is explored to Ayurveda fraternity through this article. All these exclusivities of the BMS have potential to provide the nucleus for applied research.

Key words : Bower Manuscript, Ayurveda , Ancient Literature

Annals Ayurvedic Med 2018 :7 (3-4) 96-103

my new paper

This paper is based on my MS (psychotherapy & counselling) project. It is published in IJRAP, (indexed in Scopus). Read the paper in the link given below.
my paper in IJRAP 

All queries, comments and compliments are welcome!

Dr. Yashashree Joshi

Sanskrit for Ayurved

1.Aayauvao-d pairBaaYaa …saMskRxta

Saas~aIya pairBaaYaa = Scientific Terminology = ??? 

 →Special words or nomenclatures or terms or phrases that are used in a particular science, subject or field of study. (Merriam – Webster Dictionary)

 → Each field/ science/subject has its own terminology   e g-- medical, engineering, commerce, management, physics , mathematics, politics, agriculture, botany, zoology, biology, geography, history, music and what not?

Then why not Ayurved????

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2Aayauva-od  ga`nqa vaacataa yaoNyaasaazI…..vyaakxrNaacao pa`aqaimakx inayama samajaNao AavaSyak .

ivaBai>  :

•sava- BaaYaaMmaQyao SabdivaBaagaNaI samaana….ihndI, marazI, gaujaraqaI, [MglaISa,saMskRxta

        …..tyaamauLo  ivaBai>  saMkxlpanaa samaana      

        ….. {da.  by God = dovaanao = dova sao,  dovaona ,

                                                                             =  causative case = taRtaIyaa ivaBai>

• vyaapakxtaa samajaNao AavaSyakx ….. (kxarkx saMbaMQavyaitair> )

  {da. 1) hotvaqao- paMcamaI (Apaadana ha Aqa- naahI)

      kxamaSaaokxBayaad\ vaayau:, k`xaoQaata\ ipattama\  (kuxpyaita) || …cark  jvar icaikxtsaa

         2) vaRw\yaa AiBaYyandnaata\ paakxata\ ……|| …A. =. saU~asqaana             

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3•ivaSaoYaNa ivaSaoYya inayama

ivaSaoYaNa  va ivaSaoYya yaaMcao ilaMga, vacana, ivaBai>x samaana Asatao.
{da. 1) yakRxta\samantaata\ ……..malaQara kxlaa ||
  sauEa`uta SaarIrsqaana
       2)  Xayaata\ sanQaarNaata\.......sa`aotaaMisa AnyaOEca dar]NaO: ||  ca. iva. 5

           3)  tar]NaM vaya:,    dIGa-ma\ Aayau: ,  

             4) Aayau: kxamayamaanaona Qamaa-qa-sauKasaaQanama\ …..

   (Qamaa-qa-sauKasaaQanama\ Aayau: kxamayamaanaona   

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4 •ik`xyaapadaMcao vaOiSaYT\ya …

•ivaiSaYT r}pa …lyabanta, tvaanta, BaUtakxaL BaivaYyakxaL [.

•lyabanta, tvaanta …स यदा प्रकुपितः प्रविश्यामाशयमूष्मणा सह

     मिश्रीभूयाद्यमाहारपरिणामधातुं रसनामानमन्ववेत्य रसस्वेदवहानि स्रोतांसि पिधायाग्निमुपहत्य पक्तिस्थानादूष्माणं बहिर्निरस्य केवलं शरीरमनुप्रपद्यते, तदा  ज्वरमभिनिर्वर्तयति||२०||

•saita saptamaI

•kxma-iNa pa`yaaoga …

•{pasaga- … rsaata\ r>M  tataao maaMsaM maaMsaata\ maod: pa`jaayatao |

•              maodsaao#isqa tataao majjaa maj&a: Sauk`M tau jaayatao ||  sauEa`uta saU~asqaana

  AaXaopako ..saMSaaoYya ,    paXavaQao.. ivaSaaoYya ,     Aid-tao .. {paSaaoYya 

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6 •AaXaopako ..saMSaaoYya …. saMSaaoYya isara sasnaayaukxNDra

•paXavaQao.. ivaSaaoYya … isara snaayaU: ivaSaaoYya

• Aid-tao .. {paSaaoYya … {paSaaoYya AsaRk\x

•

•sama\ ..samyak\  (yaaogya pawtaInao??,        sama\ …..ekxaca vaoLI

•iva ..ivaSaoYaoNa  (ivaiSaYT pawtaInao?? jaasta??)   iva…..paRqak\xx (vaogaL\yaa vaoLI)

•{pa .. samaIpao      SaaoYaNaacyaa javaL (AsaRk\ …d`va Qaatau , SaaoYaNa =  d`vataa kxmaI…  paUNa- SaaoYaNa naahI)     

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7 ivaiSaYT Sabdyaaojanaa 

1. samaanagauNaaByaasaao ih QaataUnaaM vaRiwk arNama\ |

    pa`k aopaNaivapaya-yaao  ih QaataUnaaM pa`Samak arNaM Bavaita |  ivar]wgauNaaByaasa

  (cark …vaatak laak laIya)

 

2. tapa-Na …saMtapa-Na

SaaoQanaaottar ,r>xipattao.. tapa-Na ;            icarXaINao, maohoYau …. saMtapa-Na

3. vaajaIk rNa

Alpa, duYT, XaINa, ivaSauYk ….. Aapyaayana, pa`saad, {pacaya, janana.

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8•AvyayaacaI vaa@yaataIla {paisqaita

r> ipatta saMpa`aipta …
tasya evamaacarta: ipattaM pa`k aopamaapaVtao, laaoihtaM ca svapa`maaNamaitavata-tao |
  cark inadanasqaana

•saamaaisak  padataIla  SabdaMcaa  (padaMcaa)  ivaiSaYT k` ma
kxTuita> k Yaayaa: vaataM janayainta,  maQauramlalavaNaa: tau enaM Samayainta |
kxTuAmlalavaNaa: ipattaM janayainta,  maQaurita> k Yaayaa: tau enaM Samayainta ||
maQauramlalavaNaa: ElaoYmaaNaM janayainta, kxTuita> k Yaayaa: tau enaM Samayainta ||
  cark  ivamaanasqaana
   maQaur                   k Tu
  ita>                    Amla
  k Yaaya                  lavaNa

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9 In short ….

•ivaBai>

•ivaSaoYaNa ivaSaoYya sambanQa

•ik`xyaapad

•Avyaya

•samaasa

•laXaNa Aqa- ….gaaMBaIya- samajaNao AavaSyak

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10 sahja samajaNaarI laXaNao

•SvaasakRxcC/taa,

•SvaasaavaraoQa

• maUcCa-

•taIva`vaogaI jvar

•taIva` SaUla

                             sahja na samajaNaarI paNa r]gNaasa ~aasadayak  laXaNao

                          •maU~aoYau AnaISvar:

                          •glaaina

                          •[ind`yadaOba-lya

                          •kxma-haina

                          •SaIGa`paakx (pa`maoh ipaDkxa)

                          •baistacyavana

                          •gaa~aivaXaopa

                          •dar]NajvarmaaoXa

                          •snaayaugata vaata

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----

I was invited by Vidyarthimitra Vaidya M V Kolhatkar Pratishthan Pune; to deliver a guest lecture on the occasion of Gurupaurnima on 19-7-16.
The topic of the lecture was "Samhita Adhyayanache Vividha Pailu" .
I covered following points in the lecture -- Sanskrit, Vihar, Upaman-Drushtant, Vikrit Dosha Avastha, Vikrit Dhatu Avastha, Chikitsa Vaividhya and highlights of Sushrut Samhita. All these points were narrated with applied aspects.
Leading Practitioners from Pune and Mumbai, teaching faculty from various Ayurved colleges in vicinity of Pune and large number of students were present for the lecture.

All appreciated my lecture as - so much motivational, thought provoking and completely interpreting Ayurved as a 'Medical Science' in true sense!!

Ayurved Today

Ayurveda is the oldest healing science on the planet.  It is the Upaveda of Atharvaveda. 

“Ayu” means life and “Veda” means knowledge. It is science of life. Ayurved offers holistic and natural approach to a healthy life.

It is 5000 year old science; taught by Lord Brahma to Daksha Prajapati , then from Daksha to Ashwinikumar and by them  to Lord Indra. When people started suffering from various illnesses Acharya Bharadwaj learned it from Indra.

It is classified into eight main branches:

• Kayachikitsa (Internal Medicine)
• Kaumarbhritya (Pediatrics)
• Graha- Bhutavidya ( Psychiatry)
• Urdhwang -Shalakya Tantra (The Science of Ear ,Nose, Throat and Eye Diseases)
• Shalya Tantra (Surgery)
• Damshtra-Agadatantra (Toxicology)
• Jara - Rasayan (The Science of  Rejuvenation)
• Vrishan - Vajikarana (The Science of Aphrodisiacs)